General Classification of Intentional Misuses of Genetics


Application of genetic engineering in criminal intent to cause dysfunctions of specific systems of
the human body is classified according to:

1) Degree of impairment
    1a) Death of organism
    1b) Inducement of a disease
    1c) Change in level of a physiological capacity
    1d) Altered growth and differentiation of a physiological capacity

2) Target of impairment

3) Affected genetic and bio-chemical processes
    3a) DNA mutation
    3b) DNA recombination
    3c) DNA hybridisation

4) Genome incisive agents and toxins

5) Transport paths
    5a) Delivery to target
    5b) Transfer of genetic material into cell and nucleus
    5c) Transformation of genetic material

6) Breath of impairment
    6a) Mass applications
    6b) Population genetics

7) Misused scientific theories



1) Genetic incisions affect first the anatomy and physiology of an organism by imbalances,
impairments, diseases, disabilities and death and change the level of general health. Primarily
manipulated is an elementary trait, where the phenotype with a hereditary, morphological or
functional distinction is traceable to a specific genotype and the individual gene or gene group as
functional unit is identified and described with its bio-synthetic pathway. Misuses of genetic
manipulations, an arsenal of methods, induce:

1a) Death of organism trough disablement of an indispensable function or through a morpho-
logical malformation via a lethal genetic factor (defect), classified according to degree of pene-
tration, phase activity, gene location, bio-synthetic pathway, degree of dominance, synergistic
effects, internal and external environment, - also camouflaging a natural cause of death.

1b) Disease or invalidity through a mostly temporal, local, graded disruption of a physiological,
often neurological function via a malign genetic alteration, classified like lethal factors, leading to
destabilization, dysfunction, loss of control, tumoral growth, - also camouflaging a commonly
occurring illness.

1c) Change in level of a physiological, often neurological capacity via a malign genetic modu-
lation of a nucleic activity by amplification or depression of gene expression or by ac- or
deceleration of developmental processes.

1d) Altered growth and differentiation of a physiological, often a neurological capacity, mainly to
predetermine the psychological profile (genetics of behavior) via a malign genetic incision into
germ cells and embryonic tissue by manipulation of a cell group to affect an entire cell type and
function, introduction of a host foreign DNA strand to form out a new trait in the phenotype and
manipulation of the homoeobox to direct the stages of ontogenesis.

1

2) Target of impairment with humans can be any local cell formation, morphological form,
anatomical structure, physiological, bio-mechanical, psychological, mental function or develop-
mental process, in appearance general or specific, partial or complete, temporally limited or
persistent, acute or latent or the air or a source of nutrition in the environment.


3) Affected genetic and bio-chemical processes

3a) A mutation induces a structural change in the genotype of an organism to cause a modifi-
cation of the phenotype. The mutation spectrum encompasses changes in the number of chro-
mosomes (ploid mutation), changes in the composition of a chromosome (chromosome mu-
tation) and changes in the structural or regulative region of a single gene (gene mutation).

Distinguished are haploid sets, n = 1 single, complete sets; diploid sets, n = 2 double, complete,
homologous sets; polyploid sets, n > 2 multiple complete, corresponding sets.
Resultant structures of a ploid mutation are cells with an aneuploid set of chromosomes, which is
increased (hyperploid) or decreased (hypoploid) by a fraction of a set. Autoploid sets are species
specific, - alloploid sets are species non-specific.

Mutational inheritable changes by mutant gamets in genetic variability constitute a basic mecha-
nism of evolution, leading to new varieties. They arise spontaneously or induced on application
of chemical agents or physical means like radiation or by means of genetic engineering. The
mechanism can be a reaction between DNA and a mutagen, an error in DNA replication or
recombination, an error in transcription or translation, introduction of a mutagen altered pre-
cursor.

Misapplications:
An induced ploid mutation is almost always a lethal mutation, a lethal defect, because of
abnormally developing, non-functional cells, leading to cell death, death of organism or still birth.

An induced chromosome mutation with a change in the order of genes between two or within a
chromosome by addition, elimination or rearrangement of a region results in a bio-chemical
mutation, leading to a replication dysfunction with loss of an entire trait out of the phenotype or to
transcription or translation dysfunction with growth transformation like tumoral growth in local
body tissue.

An induced gene mutation, a change in a base sequence of a gene, a structure or regulation
changing, amplifying or repressing, forward or backward, single or complementary (syno-
nymous), expressive or conditional, sometimes point, also nonsense (neutral) mutation, can
destroy the function of a gene at the site of incision, or cause additional large scale re-
arrangements of adjacent DNA sequences, or alter the efficiency of gene expression (gene
penetrance), the degree of trait formation also in growth, differentiation and final structuring of a
function.














2

3b) Recombinant DNA technology comprises all physical, bio-chemical and genetic processes
(recombination system), which independent of naturally occurring processes produce a new
gene combination by methods of introduction, elimination or distortion of a DNA sequence in a
chromosome. A small amount of manipulated or foreign DNA in the genome, mostly changing
the relative amount of DNA in the host cell, is being active in gene expression, in gamets
hereditarily passed on to the progeny and transgressing in nature found species (chimera).

The transfer of a passenger DNA strand (transfection) is based ether on existing genetic material
or on synthesized amino acid sequences. It is achieved by the in vitro steps of: recombination or
de-novo synthesis or single strand synthesis of a DNA sequence with a sought for quality;
construction of a vector system (replicon) to stably modulate transcription and as a carrier for the
passenger DNA for integration (transposition) into the host genome; ligation, binding the pas-
senger DNA to a vector system, - each step requiring the techniques of localization, isolation by
cleavage and separation, characterization, generation, selection, verification. As carrier serve as
with transposable, mutant elements often a bacterial or viral vector system, which can be inte-
grated efficiently into the host chromosome. Main commercial application is in vivo gene ampli-
fication (of an amplicon) for production of a specific protein with sought for properties.

Gene expression: Gene action is mainly regulated via transcription and translation (modulation)
rates, which respond also to external stimuli of radiation, light, heat, hormone treatment and virus
infections. Both rates depend in first degree on the initiation rate as the rate limiting step,
initiation being facilitated by cell specific, regulative genes of the required number at the required
time in coordination with metabolic conditions like product concentrations, mix, transport and
adjustments of protein synthesis rates.
In the elongation step of mRNA synthesis from a template, transcription efficiency depends on:
the basic vector system, function specific enzymes like promoters, enhancers, repressors, anti-
repressors, stabilizers, terminators of suitable concentration, special arrangement and transport
paths, the fine structure of chromosomal base orientation in accessibility, attachment and
winding - unwinding processes.
After mRNA processing and transport to the cytoplasm of the cell, the new protein is polymerized
by addition from the mRNA strand, the matrix. In the elongation step translation efficiency relies
on ribosomal binding sites, tRNA, GIP, ATP concentrations and on regulative, function specific
enzymes. The folding process begins immediately with base sequence copying, enzyme as-
sisted, forming out inhibitory or stimulatory structures, which with end group modifications specify
the protein's transport path, function, efficiency, solubility, membrane association and anchoring.

Misapplications:
In vitro manipulated targeting sequences can contain elements to manipulate genome structures
and genetically controlled processes in their entire spectrum: any parameter affecting gene
expression, leading to amplification, depression, destabilization, dysfunction, toxin production,
cell death, disablement of a function; any singular phase in meiotic and mitotic cell division,
leading to irregular chromosome assortment, chromosome deformation and fragmentation,
phase inhibition, cell and cell line dysfunction, cell death, sterility, malignant tumoral growth; any
regulatory process of ontogenesis, mainly controlled by the homoeobox, leading to a change in
development in timing, rate, location with de- and malformation of cell morphology, diverging
growth and differentiation of functions, causing changes in functional capacity, cell unit dys-
function, uncontrolled growth, death of organism.









3

3c) Hybridization encompasses all processes of cell fusions with and without ensuing fusion of
cell nuclei, of somatic and germ cells, of genetically close and distant (transgenetic) species. In
sexual reproduction of higher animals in the sex cycle of alternation of meiosis and karyogamy,
individual gamets differ in composition of genetic material from each other and from the parent
organisms (gametogamy) and male and female ones are distinct in size, form and mobility
(heterogamets).

Gametogenesis: In all higher plants and animals, gamets, sexually differentiated copulating germ
cells, arise in meiosis, in animals to form primordial germ cells in the gonads, the male (testis)
and female (ovary) sex organs. They develop over several stages from spermatogonia to sper-
matocytes to spermatids to spermatozoa (male) or from oogonia to oocytes to ootides to ova
(female), the mature germ cells. By two meiotic cell divisions (M I + M II) with recombination and
random segregation of chromosome pairs, in all from one primordial germ cell mature four germ
cells with a haploid set of chromosomes, where of the female three abort.

Meiosis I: The first meiotic division proceeds along 9 stages of leptotene, zygotene, pachytene,
diplotene, diakinesis, prometaphase I, metaphase I, anaphase I, telophase I, interkinesis (gap
phase). An intra- and interchromosomal recombination takes place from zygotene to diplotene.
The homologous chromosome strands (sets A,B) pair along their lengths: 1a-1b, 2a-2b, … 23a-
23b. Held together by contact points, they form a synaptonemal complex with open, branched,
four armed base chains, facilitating a crossing over (chiasma), a free, reciprocal exchange of
different chromosome segments, gene combinations or single alleles by strand break, recom-
bination and strand repair. A random assortment of chromosome pairs takes place from pro-
metaphase I to anaphase I. The halves of the diploid set on the equatorial plane are pulled by a
spindle apparatus into opposite hemispheres of the nucleus, e.g. C: 1a, 2b, 3b, … 23a and D: 1b,
2a, 3a, … 23b.
Meiosis II: The two nuclei with a haploid chromosome set replicate once in a short gap (G1) –
synthesis (S) – gap (G2) phase, restoring the diploid set and leading to a second meiotic cell
division, a mitosis, proceeding in 5 phases of prophase II, prometaphase II, metaphase II,
anaphase II, teleophase II. During metaphase II and anaphase II the sister chromosomes align
lengthwise on the equatorial plane to be separated as in meiosis I. The two mitotic daughter
nuclei remain each with a haploid chromosome set. In all out of one primordial germ cell result
after two meiotic divisions 2 genetically distinct and 2 genetically equivalent (C, C', D, D') ga-
mets.

Manipulation of germ cells:
Mutant and recombinant DNA sequences are introduced into germ cells, zygotes and embryos in
the early cell stages (surrogate genetics): into a cell group to manipulate an entire cell line; into
the homoeobox to manipulate a genetic strain through subsequent stages of ontogenesis; for
technical reasons, as a small amount of foreign DNA affects an entire cell type evenly, in time
stable modulation, hereditarily fixed and within a short developmental time span.

Misapplications:
Meiotic poisons can cause in recombination and cell division processes: partial or perfect
misalignment and misassortment of chromosomes, chromosome deformation and fragmentation,
cytoplasma deformation, phase inhibition, cell death, sterility. Mitotic poisons act like meiotic
poisons, affecting: chromosome alignment, assortment and form, cell division processes, nucleic
and cytoplastic morphology and in consequence cell functions with phase inhibition, cell death,
sterility. Aside from noxious agents, meiosis is affected by heat, radiation, insertion of a function
disrupting DNA strand, all by impairment of regulatory processes able to lead to tumorous growth
and death of organism.





4

4) Genome incisive agents and toxins, listed with critical dosage, proof and counter agents are
classified according to 4a) physical means, 4b) chemical means, 4c) source and 4d) effects:
4a1) mechanical, 4a2) thermodynamic, 4a3) electromagnetic, or 4a4) radioactive
4b1) chemical, 4b1,1) organic, 4b1,2) inorganic or 4b2) bio-chemical
4c1) animal, 4c2) plant, 4c3) synthetically derived
4d) effects
(without further data)


5) Transport paths

5a) Physical delivery to target: Toxic agents and genome altering segments within suitable ge-
netic material are packaged for transport and applications mostly into small gelatine skins.
'Poison pellets', microscopically tiny toxic pellets and tiny listening and video devices and bio-
chemical-electronic sensors are produced by the millions in a process of microchip precision
engineering. As depot poison pellets with an effective range of about 30 feet, they are spun off
several times out of multiple layers of equally tiny, hair like pneumatic guns. Placed by an
undercover agent on a selected carrier, for example an unknowing person or any object of daily
life or into a water reservoir or at any step of the food chain or on a space based gliding – flying
drone device, they are channeled electronically path monitored into the vicinity or the body of the
target and shot in. They are applied targeted and randomly, single and large scale, in closed and
open mediums, contained and epidemically, preparatory and acute, set off electronically, time
locked, by a preprogrammed code signal or within body tissue by sound or voice or toxin
concentration or physiological process recognition. Chemically of high purity, toxins of less than
one milligram cause an incisive effect on the human body.

5b) Physical transfer of genetic material: The foreign genetic material, achieving heterologous
gene products with defined parameters, is transferred into host cells and nuclei by: in vivo or in
vitro concentration increase in form of a precipitate or a charged complex; in vitro protoplast
fusion or lipofection, effecting fusion to the plasma membrane of the cell; in vitro laser poring or
micro-injection, physically opening the cell; in vitro electroporing, widening membrane pores.

5c) Transformation of genetic material: Insertion of a mutant base analog or of a recombinant
DNA molecule or a synthesized base sequence proceeds by means of independent replication
within the cell plasma or by integration into the host chromosome by transposition, a change of
position of a transposable genetic element from one site of the genetic material to another. By
cutting, strand transfer, joining of ends, the donor DNA is being covalently bonded. A trans-
posable or mobile genetic element can insert, exit or relocate into non-homologous DNA inde-
pendent of the host's recombinant functionality. As transposition carriers serve mostly bacterial
and viral 'envelopes': bacterial, transposable genetic elements are e.g. IS elements (insertion
sequence), TN elements (transposon), transposable phages; viral elements are e.g. classical
transposons, retroposons, alu-like sequences; with mammals polyoma-viruses, vacciniaviruses
and retroviruses are employed. The gene targeting rate, the frequency of integration of an
exogenously added DNA sequence into the nucleus per quantity of host DNA per added
sequence, depends mainly on: transfer and transposition methods; homology between exo-
genous and host DNA; the vector system; length of the inserted string; accessibility of a target
locus; environmental factors.


6) Breath of impairment

6a) Mass applications are described according to their goals, planning, organization, methods,
means, logistics, targeted group and actual effect. Execution is mostly target specific and peri-
odically repetitive, aimed at one or several selected groups, classes or populations and at one or
more selected places, regions or countries.

5

6b) Population genetics describes the genetic, demographic structure of a reproductive com-
munity, its allelotype by allele frequencies in the common gene pool, the genetic composition
being derived by count of all singular genes at a specific locus in the genome of each organism,
as well as the dynamic forces (Origin of Species, 1859, Charles Darwin), which effect changes in
the genetic structure to render them predictable from theory.

All closed, equally dispersed, autogame populations, reproducing by panmixia (Mendelian popu-
lation), exhibit genetic variability, leading to variability of phenotypes in morphology, physiology
and behaviour, which by the laws of inheritance are passed on to succeeding generations. In the
evolutionary process develop out of genetic variability various forms, specialization of functions
and adaptation to environmental changes. Through genetic flexibility and natural selection, a
genotype survives more successfully within its own or in competition with another population or
under limited resources or in a hostile environment by means of its relative fitness, the average
probability of survival in one or more aspects of its phenotype like normal life span, fertility,
pairing behaviour, body weight, metabolism. Through continuing genetic differentiation over
geological time spans of part of a population, mostly after geographic isolation, the evolutionary
process forms out new species (intraspecific evolution) and new genera (interspecific evolution).

On the genetic level, the wealth of variability, much larger within a population than between
different races, is determined by all evolutionary forces: by mutation; by hybridization (with a
recombination) in the process of sexual reproduction; by migration, an introduction and sprea-
ding of a gene from another population; by gene drift, a random shift of the mean of a trait distri-
bution; by genetic correlation, their interaction and harmonization to maintain genetic cohesion;
by genetic homeostasis, the tendency to maintain and to restore a dynamic equilibrium by own
regulatory mechanisms.
Quantitatively the rate of change in the frequency of an allele a- depends mainly on: mutation
and recombination rates; its mean of fitness in relation to the total fitness of its own and
competing populations and in relation to its heterozygote allele a+ and alternate alleles b, c, … ;
its relative frequency in relation to equivalent parameters; magnitude and direction of selection
with elimination of alleles; its degree of dominance; the spread of genetic variability.

Misapplications:
Criminal intent employs population genetics with bio-chemical, function specific strain mani-
pulations as rational, 'scientific' tool to model the allele composition of a group or of entire
populations. Population genetics serves as 'basis' for a human hand directed 'evolution'.
Secret policy goals by the present day major powers pursue genetic mass manipulations mainly
out of political, military, scientific, economic, sociological, medical and demographic interests. In
a systematic, clandestine, monitored process of repetitively cataloguing, correcting incisions,
every individual of the target group is subject to strain manipulations. The allele distribution of the
common gene pool is tailored to a designed structure and frequency by means of introduction of
desired and modification or elimination of undesired dominant and recessive traits. Individuals
with genodeviant, 'substandard' traits are eliminated.


7) Genetics as a basic science is being misused in all its branches like human genetics, popu-
lation genetics, pharmacogenetics, genetics of behavior and gene technology; in the sciences
and their branches following it like biology, zoology, bio-chemistry, molecular biology, bio-tech
-nology; in its related sciences and their branches like chemistry, medicine, neurology, pharma-
cology, toxicology.








				PDF Printout	Home